NASA's Artemis II Space Launch System rocket and Orion spacecraft stand on Launch Complex 39B at Kennedy Space Center, Florida on March 31. (Image credit: © Joe Raedle via Getty Images) Here's everything you need to know about the Artemis II mission so far:
- NASA is targeting a two-hour launch window that opens at 6.24 p.m. ET today (April 1).
- The space agency has said there's an 80% chance of favorable weather conditions to launch Artemis II today. Today's conditions are forecast to be the best of all the days in the current launch window.
- The April launch windows for Artemis II run from today through to Monday (April 1 to 6), with the potential for a launch on any of those days. After Monday, the next launch window is April 30.
- This window will be NASA's last chance to launch the rocket on time, as the mission is meant to lift off no later than April 30.
Once in a pink moon
Welcome back, science fans. Are you ready to witness humanity fly to the moon for the first time in more than 50 years? Today is set to be the day. And no, this is not an April Fools' joke.
After months of delays, NASA's Artemis II rocket is ready to blast off on a 10-day slingshot trip around April's Pink Moon and back, testing key systems for later lunar landings that the agency hopes will enable them to establish a permanent base on our celestial neighbor's surface.
This lunar base, NASA claims, will soon become a stepping stone to Mars.
As NASA's launch team works through the thousands of highly choreographed steps to bring the Artemis rocket roaring to life, weather conditions surrounding the launchpad at Kennedy Space Center in Cape Canaveral, Florida, remain favorable.
NASA says its coverage of tanking operations will begin at 7:45 a.m. EST (11:45 a.m. GMT). If all goes to plan, Artemis II and its crew will finally lift off sometime between 6:24 p.m. to 8:24 p.m. EST (10:24 p.m. to 12:24 a.m. GMT).
If favorable weather conditions persist; there are no major solar flares to interfere with the rocket's electronics; and the spacecraft's tanks evade the leaks that scrubbed a previous launch attempt in February, we will witness a historic launch.
Stick with Live Science for moment-by-moment updates, commentary, expert insight and exclusive coverage from the historic launch.
Ben Turner 2026-03-31T22:54:05.120Z What do astronauts do the night before a big launch?
It's common to be nervous before a big event. In the case of NASA's Artemis II mission, the stakes have never been higher as the agency attempts to return humans to the moon system for the first time in over 50 years.
So how do astronauts cope with the pressure of a big launch?
The night before a launch is usually far less glamorous than people imagine. Historically, astronauts have spent it doing last minute checks of their vital signs and getting themselves ready for the day ahead. For the Artemis II crew, their last night before the launch will be at the Kennedy beach house, a favorite spot for astronauts.
The beach house is located on Merritt Island, near Kennedy Space Center. Since being built in 1962, the beach house has been reserved for astronaut use; it became a quiet place where Apollo-era crews, and more recently ISS and SpaceX astronauts, have gathered with their families before launch day. The beach house's large balcony gives crewmembers a chance to decompress and be with loved ones while looking out onto the Atlantic Ocean.
Keeping with tradition, the Artemis II crew spent Tuesday (March 31) with their families, according to agency administrators. Tomorrow, they’ll head to the launch pad for their first shot at the moon.
Kenna Hughes-Castleberry 2026-03-31T21:57:41.757Z Full moonshot
If the Artemis II mission lifts off on schedule around 6:24 p.m. tomorrow, NASA's giant Space Launch System rocket will rise into the evening sky precisely as April's full moon starts to creep over the horizon.
April's full moon is nicknamed the Pink Moon, for obvious springtime reasons. It's this year's first full moon of spring in the Northern Hemisphere, and determines the start of the Passover and Easter holidays. The moon will also look bright and full on Monday (March 31) and Thursday (April 2).
You don't need any special skywatching equipment to enjoy the full moon, but grabbing a good backyard telescope or strong pair of binoculars could help you zoom in on lunar features that the Artemis II crew will soon see rushing toward them — including famous craters, and even Apollo landing sites.
Someday, the Artemis IV mission — planned to launch in 2028 and return humans to the moon's surface for the first time since 1972 — may become another lunar landmark that generations of skywatchers can attempt to spot from Earth. But for now, the Artemis II crew will only be passing by, shooting just past the moon and using its gravity to swing back toward Earth for the fastest reentry in history.
You can try to spot the moonbound capsule soar through our atmosphere several hours after launch, courtesy of the Virtual Telescope project's live stream.
Brandon Specktor 2026-03-31T21:07:23.165Z Who are the two backup crewmembers for Artemis II?
In the photo above, all six Artemis II crewmembers stand ready for action in Florida.
You read that right: Besides the Artemis II mission's primary four-person crew, NASA has picked two alternate crewmembers as backups. These two astronauts have participated in astronaut training along with the main crewmembers and will take part in the closeout activities before the launch. But who are they?
The first alternate is NASA astronaut Andre Douglas. Douglas served in the U.S. Coast Guard as a naval architect, damage control assistant, salvage engineer and deck officer. When Douglas was selected as an astronaut, he was working at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Lab, where he researched space exploration and planetary defense, including NASA's Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission. Douglas also helped develop various spacecraft equipment, including a gamma-ray and neutron detector, MEGANE, which will help study Mars' moons Phobos and Deimos.
As an alternate, Douglas runs through the same training for the upcoming Artemis II mission as its selected astronauts.
While Douglas studies engineering to ensure mechanical systems are working properly, the mission’s other backup crewmember, Jenni Gibbons of the Canadian Space Agency (CSA), looks at the exact opposite: how they explode. With a background in combustion science, Gibbons worked as an assistant professor at the University of Cambridge in 2016. In 2017, Gibbons was recruited by CSA as an astronaut candidate, graduated from astronaut training in 2020, and then led the Mission Control Capcom Console as International Space Station (ISS) lead capcom during Expedition 63 in 2020.
In the years that followed, Gibbons supported other space exploration endeavors, such as being a ground communicator for spacewalks that helped update the ISS' solar panels and mentoring the 2021 astronaut candidate class in their spacewalk training.
Canadian Space Agency (CSA) astronaut Jenni Gibbons is the alternate for CSA astronaut Jeremy Hanson. (Image credit: MIGUEL J. RODRIGUEZ CARRILLO via Getty Images)
In 2023, CSA announced Gibbons as a backup member for astronaut Jeremy Hanson on the Artemis II mission.
Gibbons or Douglas will step in if, for any reason, one of the primary Artemis II crewmembers is unable to participate in the upcoming launch.
2026-03-31T19:29:26.637ZPost-prelaunch conference: All conditions look good
Kenna Hughes-Castleberry 2026-03-31T18:27:26.493Z Would you go to the moon?
Artemis II's crew are bound for a historic flight to the moon as soon as tomorrow — but would you swap places with them? Let us know in the poll below.
2026-03-31T17:28:57.894ZLike watching a rocket stand still
2026-03-31T17:22:15.282ZCloudy with a chance of solar flares
Ben Turner 2026-03-31T17:00:14.800Z Watch live: Artemis II prelaunch news conference starts now
NASA's Artemis II L-1 Countdown Status News Conference (March 31, 2026) - YouTube
Watch On Hey there, science fans. Live Science's space and physics editor Brandon Specktor here. With fewer than 30 hours to go before the Artemis II mission's planned launch window opens, NASA officials are hosting a prelaunch news conference to share some final status updates. Watch it live right now.
Brandon Specktor 2026-03-31T15:58:55.815Z Watch NASA's prelaunch coverage today at 1 pm EDT
The conference will run through the launch's timeline and any final preparations NASA will make before ignition. We'll be sure to keep you up to date on all the announcements as they're made.
Artemis II is scheduled to launch Wednesday, April 1, with a two-hour window starting at 6:24 p.m. EDT.
Kenna Hughes-Castleberry 2026-03-31T15:43:13.077Z Meet the Artemis II crew
NASA's Victor Glover, the mission's pilot, a California-native and former U.S. Navy captain, he has worked both as a test pilot and has flown combat missions in aircraft that include the F/A-18 Hornet.
Glover is the first Black astronaut to be assigned to a lunar mission. Glover caused a stir in 2023 when he revealed that he listened to Gil Scott-Heron's spoken-word poem "Whitey on the Moon" every Monday on his way to work.
"It's funny, because that Space Symposium caused me a lot of grief in the next months because people tried to quote me out of context," Glover told Space.com, Live Science's sister site. "And it ain't about racism. It's about the human condition."
NASA's Christina Koch, Artemis II's mission specialist, comes from Grand Rapids, Michigan. She holds several NASA records, including the longest single spaceflight by a woman (328 days). She also took part in the first all-female spacewalk with fellow astronaut Jessica Meir.
Koch's specialization is in designing and operating tools that can survive in extreme environments, and she has spent a winter season in Antarctica at the Amundsen-Scott South pole station.
The Canadian Space Agency's (CSA's) Jeremy Hansen, another mission specialist and former fighter pilot in the Royal Canadian Air Force, Hansen's seat on the mission is part of a partnership between the CSA and NASA.
This will be Hansen's first ever spaceflight, but he has played critical roles in mission control for previous missions.
Who else walked on the moon?
2026-03-31T13:37:18.543ZWhen were Americans last on the moon?
The last person to step foot on the moon was Gene Cernan, the commander of NASA's Apollo 17 mission. Cernan, the last of 12 humans to walk on the moon, left humanity's final bootprint on the lunar surface on December 14, 1972.
And while Artemis II does mark NASA's return to the moon, the mission more closely takes after Dec. 21, 1968's Apollo 8 mission, which sent three NASA astronauts on a six-day trip around the moon. Much like Artemis II, Apollo 8 was a key step in testing flight systems and trajectories before attempting a lunar landing.
Ben Turner 2026-03-31T12:30:08.124Z So why return to the moon, anyway?
This is the first time in more than 50 years that NASA is sending humans to the moon, having famously taken 12 astronauts to the lunar surface as part of the Apollo missions that ran between 1969 and 1972.
But that doesn't mean redoing something it achieved decades ago is straightforward. Space travel is a difficult endeavour that comes with substantial risks, and the moon remains a hard target even in 2026.
So why bother going back?
Artemis II is scheduled as a lunar flyby, so the astronauts aboard the Orion spacecraft won't actually land on the lunar surface. However, if this 10-day flight around the moon and back to Earth is successful, then NASA will have tested systems ahead of the Artemis IV and Artemis V lunar surface mission planned for 2028, when NASA wants boots on the moon.
NASA aims to establish a sustained presence on the lunar surface and pave the way for future missions to Mars. That means Artemis II may end up being a key step on the road to humanity colonizing another planet.
Want to know more? You can read my analysis story here.
Patrick Pester 2026-03-31T11:14:48.681Z The mission timeline
Hello, fellow Artemis enthusiasts! Senior staff writer Harry Baker here to tell you a little bit about the timeline for NASA's historic return trip to the moon (and back).
As soon as operators gave the green light for launch, the Artemis II mission officially began, and the launch team is already hard at work completing the long list of initial preflight checks. The quarantined astronauts are also making their final preparations before heading to the launch pad at Florida's Kennedy Space Center tomorrow (April 1).
We've broken down the 10-day mission into 12 key steps, covering everything from liftoff and low Earth orbit maneuvers to the lunar slingshot, record-breaking reentry to Earth's atmosphere and eventual splashdown in the Pacific Ocean.
My personal favorite stage is "prox opps." This comes around 3.5 hours after launch and will see Artemis II's pilot Victor Glover briefly take control of the Orion spacecraft to test out its manual thrusters and maneuverability, providing crucial data for the upcoming Artemis III and Artemis IV missions.
You can read my full story here.
And be sure to bookmark this page so you can come back to it at any point over the next few weeks!
Harry Baker 2026-03-31T11:08:24.464Z A record-breaking return
It took a while to get here, but after repeated delays, NASA says the Artemis II mission is finally ready to launch. Besides being NASA's first step to a long-awaited return to the moon's surface, the mission is set to achieve a number of firsts: Its crew contains the first Black astronaut, the first woman, and the first non-American to visit the moon.
The crew will smash several longstanding records too. For example, they will return to Earth as the fastest humans in history, splashing down in the Pacific Ocean after reentering our planet's atmosphere at slightly over 25,000 mph (40,200 km/h), which would beat the 1969 reentry record currently held by the Apollo 10 astronauts.
And that's not all that's new or record-breaking about this flight. For more details, senior staff writer Harry Baker has the full story here.
2026-03-31T11:02:04.406ZTo the moon and back
Good morning, science fans. For the first time since 1972, the countdown clock at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida is now running down the hours, minutes and seconds until the liftoff of a crewed mission beyond low Earth orbit.
With a little more than a day remaining until NASA's Artemis II launch, the mission's four-astronaut crew said they're ready for their 685,000-mile (1.1 million kilometers) 10-day journey around the moon and back. They will be sent into space by a colossal, 322-foot-tall (98 meters) rocket stack — taller than the Statue of Liberty — which will provide over 8.8 million pounds (4 million kilograms) of thrust to a capsule the size of a campervan.
Live Science will be following every moment of this journey, providing you with updates, commentary, expert insight and exclusive coverage from the historic launch.
So let's strap in, quit mooning around, and get ready for humanity's return to our celestial neighbor.
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