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President Trump signed a pair of executive orders Monday aimed at boosting research into quantum computing and strengthening security practices in preparation for a post-quantum world.
Quantum computing relies on quantum physics to solve complex problems much faster than traditional computers. The technology, which is still in its early stages, is expected to provide vast new capabilities and create significant cybersecurity risks.
“We’re going to be investing in American quantum leadership like never before to stay ahead of the pack. We’re way ahead right now. We’ll keep it that way,” Trump said at a signing ceremony in the Oval Office.
One executive order calls for the development of a quantum computer powerful enough for scientific research and instructs federal agencies to develop plans for deploying quantum-enabled technology.
It also seeks to boost domestic supply chains for quantum infrastructure and materials, while strengthening protections against potential threats to the quantum ecosystem.
The second order aims to speed up the migration to post-quantum cryptography, a method of protecting systems against quantum-based threats. The directive seeks to complete this process by 2031.
Quantum computing will likely be able to break the encryption algorithms that have traditionally been used to protect private information online, requiring the development of a new form of a cryptography for the post-quantum era.
“As quantum rolls forward, it will challenge public key cryptography, which is what secures everything. It secures our financial transactions, our civilian critical infrastructure, and it secures the digital systems that Americans rely on for their daily life,” National Cyber Director Sean Cairncross noted at Monday’s signing ceremony.
“These two executive orders, which pair innovation and security, will address those issues,” he added. “As we move forward, innovation and security have to be balanced.”
The Trump administration also recently signed agreements with nine quantum companies to provide $2 billion in federal funding through the CHIPS Act and took equity stakes in each of the firms.
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